Trump Jokes About Pearl Harbor in Meeting With Japan’s Leader

[!tip] 中文标题 特朗普打破外交惯例，在会见日本首相时提及珍珠港事件

[!abstract] 摘要 特朗普总统在与日本首相高市早苗会晤时，一反美国历任总统的惯例，主动提及日本1941年偷袭珍珠港的历史事件，以此类比美以突袭伊朗未事先通知盟友的做法。此举打破了美日之间长期的外交默契，即避免提及这段可能引发不快的战争历史，以专注于巩固战后同盟关系。文章指出，自冷战以来，美国官方对珍珠港事件的描述已转向强调历史悲剧而非指责日本，旨在维系紧密的盟友关系。特朗普的言论被认为是对外交规范的又一次无视，与前任奥巴马等人推动和解的姿态形成鲜明对比。

关键要点

• 特朗普总统在与日本首相高市早苗会面时，打破外交惯例，主动提及日本1941年偷袭珍珠港事件。
• 他以此类比美以突袭伊朗未事先通知盟友的做法，称“日本最懂什么是突袭”，引发在场人员笑声，但日方首相表情严肃。
• 二战后，美国为将日本塑造为盟友，官方对珍珠港事件的描述逐渐从指责转向视为历史悲剧，历任总统多避免在日方面前提及此事以促进和解。
• 特朗普的言论被专家视为“不寻常的冲击”，偏离了强调美日共同愿景与紧密联盟的访问主旨。

中文全文

几十年来，美国总统一直避免严厉谈论日本1941年袭击珍珠港的事件，而是渴望专注于深化与东京的关系。自二战以来，日本一直是美国坚定的盟友。

但特朗普总统并非如此。

在周四与日本首相高市早苗在白宫椭圆形办公室举行的一次原本融洽的会晤中，特朗普提起了日本在1941年12月7日发动的袭击，这场袭击导致美国加入第二次世界大战。他是在回答关于为什么日本和其他盟友没有提前收到美以袭击伊朗的通知时做出此番表述的。

“我们没有告诉任何人，因为我们想要出其不意，”他说。“谁比日本更懂什么是出其不意呢，对吧？你们当年怎么没告诉我珍珠港的事呢，对吧？是不是？”

房间里聚集的官员和记者中传出一些笑声。“我相信你们比我们更相信出其不意，”他补充道。

当特朗普讲话时，高市早苗睁大了眼睛，似乎深吸了一口气。她双手交叉放在膝上，没有说话。

这番言论是特朗普惯于抛开外交规范的又一最新例证。

二战结束后，哈里·S·杜鲁门总统曾利用珍珠港袭击事件来证明美国重塑日本社会和强加和平宪法的努力是正当的。（美国领导盟军从1945年至1952年占领日本。）该宪法迫使日本放弃战争并限制其军力，使东京在防务上依赖美国。

但在冷战期间，美国官方对袭击事件的描述发生了转变，将其描述为一场历史悲剧，而非指责日本。美国官员渴望在日本保持盟友关系，以应对共产主义在亚洲的蔓延，并建立安全和经济条约。

2016年，即日本帝国军机摧毁珍珠港太平洋舰队75年后，时任日本首相安倍晋三与巴拉克·奥巴马总统一同访问了袭击发生地，安倍晋三“向在此地失去生命的人们之灵”表示了哀悼。奥巴马和安倍在纪念馆敬献了由白色和平百合制成的花圈。

奥巴马详细描述了袭击当天发生的情况，强调了美国军人的英勇行为，并表示安倍的访问“提醒我们国家之间和人民之间什么是可能的”。

特朗普的前任们避免在日本领导人面前详细谈论珍珠港事件，因为“美国和日本之间已经进行了非常深刻的和解过程”，华盛顿布鲁金斯学会亚洲政策研究中心主任米雷娅·索利斯说。

特朗普的言论“很不寻常——令人震惊”，她说。“此次访问的目的是强调共同愿景——将日本和美国团结在一起的牢固纽带，”她说。“而不是分裂的过去以及战争中的苦涩对抗和冲突。”

原文

For decades, American presidents have avoided speaking harshly about Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, eager to focus instead on deepening ties with Tokyo, which has been a steadfast ally since World War II.

Not so with President Trump.

At an otherwise congenial meeting with Japan’s prime minister, Sanae Takaichi, in the Oval Office on Thursday, Mr. Trump invoked the Japanese attack on Dec. 7, 1941, which led the United States into World War II. He was responding to a question about why Japan and other allies had received no advance notice of the U.S.-Israeli assault on Iran.

“We didn’t tell anybody about it because we wanted surprise,” he said. “Who knows better about surprise than Japan, OK? Why didn’t you tell me about Pearl Harbor, OK? Right?”

There was some laughter from the officials and journalists gathered in the room. “You believe in surprise, I think, much more so than us,” he added.

As Mr. Trump spoke, Ms. Takaichi widened her eyes and appeared to take a deep breath. She kept her arms crossed in her lap and did not speak.

The remark was the latest example of Mr. Trump’s penchant for tossing aside diplomatic norms.

After the end of World War II, President Harry S. Truman used the attack on Pearl Harbor to justify American efforts to remake Japanese society and to impose a pacifist constitution. (The United States led the Allies’ occupation of Japan from 1945 until 1952.) The constitution forced Japan to renounce war and put limits on its military, making Tokyo reliant on the United States for protection.

But during the Cold War, the United States shifted its official portrayal of the attack, describing it as a historical tragedy rather than pointing fingers at Japan. American officials were eager to keep Tokyo as an ally as communism spread in Asia, and to form security and economic pacts.

In 2016, 75 years after Imperial Japanese warplanes destroyed the Pacific fleet in Pearl Harbor, President Barack Obama visited the site of the attack with Shinzo Abe, then Japan’s prime minister, who offered condolences “to the souls of those who lost their lives here.” Mr. Obama and Mr. Abe laid wreaths made of white peace lilies at the memorial.

Mr. Obama described in detail what occurred on the day of the attack, highlighted acts of heroism by American service members and said that the visit of Mr. Abe “reminds us of what is possible between nations and between peoples.”

Mr. Trump’s predecessors have avoided speaking at length about Pearl Harbor in the presence of Japanese leaders because “there’s been a really profound process of reconciliation between the United States and Japan,” said Mireya Solís, director of the Center for Asia Policy Studies at the Brookings Institution in Washington.

Mr. Trump’s remarks were “unusual — a shock,” she said. “The purpose of this visit is to emphasize the shared vision — the strong bonds that unite Japan and the United States,” she said. “Not the divisive past and the bitter rivalry and conflict of the war.”